Biographical/Historical Criticisms

The stressful situations and tensions between Gregor and his father is reflective of Franz Kafka's relationship of his disapproving father. In addition when Kafka writes about Gregor's job as a traveling salesman, and describes it as miserable it could be Kafka writing about the miseries that he experienced as a insurance agent. In addition Kafka's failed relationships could be illustrated in the Metamorphosis when Gregor's only female relationship is with a women he ripped out of a magazine, showing that both Kafka and Gregor are both lonely.

Psychological Criticisms

Kafka could have gotten his tendencies for Gregor to lean towards his mother with an Oedipus Complex, because Kafka himself leaned more towards his mother because his father disapproved of him. In addition I believe that the bug Gregor turns into is his id, because animals and insects are more primal that their human counterparts and don't have morals.

Feminist Criticisms

Feminist criticisms, are that Gregor and then the father are depicted as the breadwinner, which shows a sexist society towards men. Also the women in the book, being Gregor's mother and his sister Grete, are the loving and caring ones, which is stereotypically how women are depicted in books and stories.

Archetypal Criticisms

The archetypal characters that are present in the Metamorphosis are the Good Mother/ Sister because she is the one who takes care of Gregor when he turns into a bug. Other archetypes that are present are the fact that Gregor is a bug and that represents pesky and gross.